Chemical Composition of Dalbergia tonkinensis Heartwood Extracts and Comparison with Dalbergia odorifera

Abstract

Dalbergia tonkinensis is very similar to Dalbergia odorifera in material, texture, and other macroscopic characteristics, and a comparison of the commonalities and differences in the chemical composition of the extractives may help to distinguish the two. However, the chemical composition of Dalbergia tonkinensis heartwood is unknown. The total flavonoid content of Dalbergia tonkinensis heartwood was determined to range between 49.67 to 101.95 mg, which indicated that Dalbergia tonkinensis is as equally rich in flavonoids as Dalbergia odorifera. Thirty-one flavonoids were identified via ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in Dalbergia tonkinensis. Among them, the contents of 15 medicinal active flavonoids with were determined, and the liquiritigenin, naringenin, formononetin, pinocembrin, and biochanin A contents were found to be high. The 12 volatile compositions of Dalbergia tonkinensis heartwood identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were very similar to those of Dalbergia odorifera and were dominated by trans-nerolidol, caryophyllene oxide, and eudesmol. The relationship between the chemical composition of Dalbergia tonkinensis and Dalbergia odorifera heartwood extracts was determined via a principal component analysis, and the results indicated that there was no significant difference in chemical composition between the two. This suggested that Dalbergia tonkinensis could be used as a potential substitute for Dalbergia odorifera.