Ecological Approach to the Restoration and Preservation of Historical Wood Material: Natural Mussel Shell Impregnation and Combustion (TGA) Analysis

Abstract

The goal of this work was to evaluate the fire-protection attributes after treating wood with crude acidic carbonate solutions from a natural source. A broader aim of this project was to find ways to increase the period of usefulness of wooden objects, thus contributing to a sustainable society. In this context, samples of scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood with insecticides, fungi, insects+fungi, samples were taken, and sea mussel (Chamelea gallina) powders were impregnated at different solution concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%) according to ASTM D 1413 76 principles. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were carried out. Although there were no significant changes in the initial temperature, the turning point temperature, or the final temperature values compared to the control groups, the percent weight loss and percent residue amount increased in all the impregnated group periods. Although there was little change in some groups due to the heterogeneity and anatomical structure of the wood, the percentage of residue decreased as the percentage of weight loss increased. Compared to the control sample, the second highest adhesion was observed in 3% cork pine wood (0.81%), weight loss (65.7%), and the amount of residue was 22.0%. Based on the TGA results, mussel shell was found to delay the combustion.