Synthesis of Silica from Rice Husk as Coating Material on Magnetic Nanoparticle for Efficient Adsorption of Phenol from Water Samples

Authors

  • Nik Nur Atiqah Nik Wee Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Noorashikin Md Saleh Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Tanusha Devi Elan Solan Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Alinda Samsuri Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence, University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
  • Muhammad Zulhaziman Mat Salleh Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Keywords:

Magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs), Magnetic solid phase extraction (MPSE), Phenol extraction, River water, Response surface methodology (RSM), Rice husk, Silica, UV-Vis

Abstract

Silica (SiO2) from rice husk was coated with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as an adsorbent to adsorb phenol from river water. The structure of SiO2 and SiO2-MNPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed a rod shape, with a rough surface area in the range of 2  to 3 µm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to examine the resulting spherical shape of the synthesized SiO2-MNP. The results showed a range of 1.3 to 1.5 nm for SiO2 and 4.2 to 6.4 nm for SiO2-MNP. Vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) showed an Fe value of 45.1% in SiO2-MNP (VSM); for MNP, SiO2, SiO2-MNP 104.12, 4.72, and 8.01 emu/g, respectively. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the parameters and responses to obtain an optimized condition in SiO2-MNPs usage. The optimized parameters were extraction time selected at 5 min, pH 8, 8 mL acetonitrile as solvent and 15 min as sonication time. The application of SiO2-MNPs was applied to real water samples, with recovery of 84% of phenol. Thus, the synthesized adsorbent, SiO2-MNPs, was developed successfully for phenol removal from water samples.

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Published

2023-07-28

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 3 (2023)

Section

Research Article or Brief Communication