Authors
-
Langui Xu
School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China
-
Yujian Zhang
School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China
-
Ziyong Wang
Henan ALST New Energy Technology Co. LTD, Zhengzhou 450001, China
-
Shurui Guo
College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610065
-
Yongxing Hao
School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China
-
Yuguo Gao
School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China
-
Min Xin
Rural Energy Development Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
-
Yi Ran
Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China
-
Shuxun Li
Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational and Technical College, Chengdu 611830, China
-
Rui Ji
Sichuan Agricultural Foreign Cooperation and Communication Cente Chengdu 610041, China
-
Hongmei Li
Sichuan Agricultural Foreign Cooperation and Communication Cente Chengdu 610041, China
-
Huixia Jiang
Sichuan Research and Design Institute of Agricultural Machinery Chengdu 610066, China
-
Qingyan He
College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610065; Sichuan Research and Design Institute of Agricultural Machinery Chengdu 610066, China
-
Ruyi Huang
School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China; Rural Energy Development Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China; Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China
Keywords:
Pine needle, Pyrolysis, Thermogravimetric analysis, TG–FTIR, Py–GC/MS
Abstract
The pyrolysis performances and reaction kinetics of pine needles (PN) were investigated by integrating thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The average activation energy of PN was estimated to be 183.2 kJ/mol by Kissinger Akahira Sunose (KAS) and 183.8 kJ/mol by Flynn Wall Ozawa (FWO), respectively at heating rates of 10, 20, and 40 °C/min. The pyrolysis of PN was found to be more efficient at the lower heating rates, while increased heating rates promoted the reaction. Using the King-Kai (K-K) method, the activation energies of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin were calculated to be 156, 165, and 172 kJ/mol, respectively. The descending order of evolving gases and functional groups from PN was found to be CO2, C=C, C=O, H2O, CH4, and CO. The main pyrolytic by-products identified were hydrocarbons, phenols, alcohols, ketones, and aldehydes. The determination of kinetic parameters provides fundamental information for predicting the rates at which chemical reactions occur. This study demonstrates the potential of PN as a suitable source for bioenergy.
