In vitro Assessment on Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Lipidemic Properties of Selected Plant Species

Abstract

Preliminary assessment for anti-inflammatory and anti-lipidemic properties was done with different solvent extracts derived from Urtica urens and Polygonum chinense leaves through in vitro experimentation. To evaluate anti-inflammatory properties, the stability of human red blood cells membranes and the denaturation activity of proteins were assessed. For anti-lipidemic effects, an assay was conducted to measure the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. The results of membrane stabilization showed IC₅₀ values of 480.96 ± 0.02 and 319.41 ± 0.19 µg/mL for ethyl acetate extract of U. urens and P. chinense, respectively. The standard drug Diclofenac sodium exhibited IC₅₀ value of 240.37 ± 0.04 µg/mL. For protein denaturation, IC₅₀ values were determined as 221.75 ± 0.2 and 315.76 ± 0.19 µg/mL for U. urens and P. chinense, respectively. The IC₅₀ value of the standard drug was calculated as 126.7 ± 0.34. The IC₅₀ values towards HMG-CoA reductase inhibition were subsequently determined as 29.84 ± 0.35 µg/mL for U. urens and 24.34 ± 0.04 µg/mL for P. chinense against the standard drug Diclofenac sodium (7.52 ± 0.43 µg/mL). GC-MS chromatograms revealed the presence of bioactive compounds in ethyl acetate extract of P. chinense leaves. This work is substantiation for the traditional therapeutic utilization of these extracts.